Federal Record Mfg. Co. Ltd.

Jamaican record manufacturing company founded by Ken Khouri, connected to Federal Records Studio, often abbreviated to Federal Records (3) or even Federal, usually the label. Manufactured By is usually credited on releases from Jamaica, some US pressings may credit Distributed by Federal. Lacquer cuts by the Federal plant can be recognised by the etched matrix prefix (or suffix) FRM or F.R.M., and earlier releases often show the letters F+R, joined by a cross or dagger, in the run-out area. This can be represented with the letter "F", the Unicode dagger symbol U+2020, and the letter "R": (F†R) On some pressings the matrix prefix may be only an F, followed by the producer's initials (e.g: FPB = Lacquer Cut At Federal Record Mfg. Co. Ltd. and Produced by Prince Buster). The same prefix may also still appear on re-releases pressed from the original Federal plates, often a plate made elsewhere may have been used for the other side; for these editions, unless otherwise specified, a 'Lacquer Cut At' credit is more appropriate.